Standards Referenced on a Learning Label

Standard: NGSS - MS-PS2 - MS-PS2-2
Short Description: Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
Long Description: Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object’s motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object.
Assessment Boundary: [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to forces and changes in motion in one-dimension in an inertial reference frame and to change in one variable at a time. Assessment does not include the use of trigonometry.]
Clarification Statement: [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on balanced (Newton’s First Law) and unbalanced forces in a system, qualitative comparisons of forces, mass and changes in motion (Newton’s Second Law), frame of reference, and specification of units.]
Base Skill: Applied Science
Target Audience: Middle School

Standard: NGSS - MS-PS2 - MS-PS2-3
Short Description: Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
Long Description: Ask questions about data to determine the factors that affect the strength of electric and magnetic forces.
Assessment Boundary: [Assessment Boundary: Assessment about questions that require quantitative answers is limited to proportional reasoning and algebraic thinking.]
Clarification Statement: [Clarification Statement: Examples of devices that use electric and magnetic forces could include electromagnets, electric motors, or generators. Examples of data could include the effect of the number of turns of wire on the strength of an electromagnet, or the effect of increasing the number or strength of magnets on the speed of an electric motor.]
Base Skill: Applied Science
Target Audience: Middle School

Standard: NGSS - MS-PS2 - MS-PS2-5
Short Description: Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
Long Description: Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.
Assessment Boundary: [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to electric and magnetic fields, and limited to qualitative evidence for the existence of fields.]
Clarification Statement: [Clarification Statement: Examples of this phenomenon could include the interactions of magnets, electrically-charged strips of tape, and electrically-charged pith balls. Examples of investigations could include first-hand experiences or simulations.]
Base Skill: Applied Science
Target Audience: Middle School

Standard: NGSS - MS-PS2 - MS-PS2-1
Short Description: Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
Long Description: Apply Newton’s Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects.
Assessment Boundary: [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to vertical or horizontal interactions in one dimension.]
Clarification Statement: [Clarification Statement: Examples of practical problems could include the impact of collisions between two cars, between a car and stationary objects, and between a meteor and a space vehicle.]
Base Skill: Applied Science
Target Audience: Middle School

Standard: NGSS - MS-PS2 - MS-PS2-4
Short Description: Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
Long Description: Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects.
Assessment Boundary: [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include Newton’s Law of Gravitation or Kepler’s Laws.]
Clarification Statement: [Clarification Statement: Examples of evidence for arguments could include data generated from simulations or digital tools; and charts displaying mass, strength of interaction, distance from the Sun, and orbital periods of objects within the solar system.]
Base Skill: Applied Science
Target Audience: Middle School