Standards Referenced on a Learning Label

Standard: NGSS - MS-PS4 - MS-PS4-3
Short Description: Waves and Their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer
Long Description: Integrate qualitative scientific and technical information to support the claim that digitized signals are a more reliable way to encode and transmit information than analog signals.
Assessment Boundary: [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include binary counting. Assessment does not include the specific mechanism of any given device.]
Clarification Statement: [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on a basic understanding that waves can be used for communication purposes. Examples could include using fiber optic cable to transmit light pulses, radio wave pulses in wifi devices, and conversion of stored binary patterns to make sound or text on a computer screen.]
Base Skill: Applied Science
Target Audience: Middle School

Standard: NGSS - MS-PS4 - MS-PS4-1
Short Description: Waves and Their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer
Long Description: Use mathematical representations to describe a simple model for waves that includes how the amplitude of a wave is related to the energy in a wave.
Assessment Boundary: [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include electromagnetic waves and is limited to standard repeating waves.]
Clarification Statement: [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on describing waves with both qualitative and quantitative thinking.]
Base Skill: Applied Science
Target Audience: Middle School

Standard: NGSS - MS-PS4 - MS-PS4-2
Short Description: Waves and Their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer
Long Description: Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials.
Assessment Boundary: [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to qualitative applications pertaining to light and mechanical waves.]
Clarification Statement: [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on both light and mechanical waves. Examples of models could include drawings, simulations, and written descriptions.]
Base Skill: Applied Science
Target Audience: Middle School